Loom for weaving pile fabrics.



PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

A J. MOKAY. LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.27,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Trl!! PATEN-TBD MAY 23, 1905.

V J. MOKAY. ALOOM FOR WEAZING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.27.1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. l n l n l n l 4 n t n x n l u I v l l t.

v me NTTED STATES Patented May 23, 1905.

PATENT Fries.

JOHN MCKAY, OF GLOUCESTER CITY. NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- I-IALF TO FRIES-HARLEY COMPANY, OF GLOUCESTER CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

LOOIVI FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 790,738, dated May 23, 1905.

Application filed April 27, 1904. Serial No. 205,144.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN MCKAY, a citizen of the United States, residing in Gloucester City, New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Looms for Weaving Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving pile fabrics in which the pile-forming warpthreads are shedded between bars or fingers, the pile-forming loops being formed over a vveft-thread,yvliich is supported upon said fingers and bridges the spaces between them.

One object of my invention is to dispense with any control of the fingers or of warpthreads, wires, or other finger connections by means of heddles or other shedding mechanism; and a further object is to effect the uniform cutting of the pile-loops and the simultaneous release of the supporting weft-th reads therefrom in such manner that webs of any desired width can be produced. These objects I attain in the manner hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Whichs Figure l is a representation of sufficient of the elements of a loom to illustrate my invention, the parts being shown in the position assumed when the pile-supporting weft-thread is being inserted. Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the position assumed by the parts when a binding weft-thread is being inserted, and Fig. 3 is a plan view of part of the-mechanism.

No attempt has been made in the drawings to show the relative proportions of the parts, as that is not necessary to a proper understanding of my invention and would preclude the illustration of the fabric on as large a scale as is desired.

In Figs. l and 2, 1 represents a bar which is intended to be rigidly secured above the breast-beam of the loom and which has projecting from it, toward the lay 2, a series of lingers 3, the number of these fingers being dependent upon the desired Width of fabric to be woven and there being by preference one for each pile-forming thread or set of threads in the warp, although there may, if desired, be but one such finger for every two or more pile warp-threads or sets of threads.

The lay 2 has the usual reed 4:, and the loom is provided with harness 5 for controlling the pile-forming warp-threads 6, and also with harness or heddles 7 for controlling the binding Warp-threads 8.

There may be but one pile-forming Warpthread 6 for each longitudinal row of pileloops to be formed or there may be a set or group of such pile-forming warp-threads for -each longitudinal row of pile-loops, each set comprising two, three, four, or more differently-colored threads in accordance with the color requirements of the pattern, those threads which are not being used to form the pile-loops being embedded in the backingweb of the fabric, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Mounted above the tops of the fingers 3 and movable transversely across said fingers,either continuously in one direction or to and fro, is a knife 9, which presents its cutting edge toward the lay.

In Weaving the fabric two shuttles are employed, one discharging the weft-thread at the top, as shown at l0 in Fig. 1, and the other discharging the weft-thread at the bottom, as v shown at 11 in Fig. 2, the shuttle 10 being employed for inserting the pile-supporting weftthread l2 and the shuttle 11 being employed for inserting the binding weft-thread 13, the method of weaving being as follows: As shown in Fig. 1,thoselpile warp-threads 6 which are to form the row of loops are raised, all the other pile Warp-threads 6, as well as the binding warp-threads 8, being lowered. With the warp-threads thus shedded the shuttle 10 is shot across the open shed, introducinga weft-thread 12, Which, owing to its delivery from the top of the shuttle, will on being beaten up by the reed be laid upon the tops of the fingers 3, so as to support the elevated pile Warp-threads 6. The elevated pile warp-threads are now lowered, a Shed of binding warp threads 8 is formed, as shown in Fig. 2, and the shuttle 11 is shot through this shed, so as to insert a binding weft-thread 13, which, owing to its delivery from the bottom of the shuttle, will on being beaten up by the reed be directed beneath the fingers 3, so as to tie in the loops of pile warp-thread formed over the previously-inserted weft-thread 12. The binding warp-threads 8 are then changed, the pile warp-threads 6 are raised, and the shuttle 11 is again shot acrossthe shed, so as to insert a binding weft-thread 13 below the pile warpthreads in order to effect the binding of the same on the back of the fabric in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or if a different form of bind or tie for the fabric is required the shedding of the binding warp-threads and the insertion of the binding weft-threads may be changed accordingly, and in order to impart sti'ness to thebacking stuifer warp-threads may be combined with the pile warp-threads y in the back of the fabric in the ordinary way.

As the woven fabric is fed forward along the fingers 3 the tops of the pile-loops are cut off by the action of the knife 9, and this effects the simultaneous release of the supporting weft-thread 12.

I am aware that a transversely-moving cutting-.knife mounted upon the top of a set of pile-loop-supporting fingers for the purpose of severing the tops of said loops has before been proposed, and I therefore do not broadly claim such a knife; but the knife which I employ performs the .double function of severing the tops of the pile-loops and releasing the loop-supporting weft-thread, so that the withdrawal of the latter longitudinally is not necessary, thus overcoming a serious drawback to previous methods of weaving this class of fabric and permitting me to produce webs of any desired width.

The fact that I render unnecessary all manipulation of the fingers 3 or of any parts connected thereto, as by means of heddles or other shedding devices, simplifies the weaving of the fabric and correspondingly decreases the cost of the same.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, in a loom for weaving pile fabrics, of the lay and its reed, fingers i rigidly mounted in advance of the lay and projecting toward the same, means for alternately shedding, between said fingers, pile warpthreads and binding warp-threads, and means for introducing .weft-threads in two different planes, one above said lingers and the other below the same, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a loom for weaving pile fabrics, of the lay and its reed, fingers rigidly mounted in advance of the lay and projecting toward the same, means for alternately shedding, between said fingers, pile warpthreads and binding warp-threads, and a pair of shuttles, one delivering from the top and the other from the bottom, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a loom for weaving pile fabrics, of a lay and its reed, a series of fingers in advance of the lay, means for shedding pile warp threads and binding warpthreads between said fingers, means for introducing a pile-loop-supporti-ng weft-thread above the lingers, and a pile-loop-binding weft-thread below the fingers, and a knife moving transversely above the fingers and serving to remove the tops of the pile-loops and `simultaneously release the supporting weft-thread therefrom, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN MCKAY.

Witnesses:

JAMES MoMoRRIs, Jos. H. KLEIN. 

